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Binarization and Segmentation Framework for Sundanese Ancient Documents Paulus, Erick; Suryani, Mira; Hadi, Setiawan; Sopian, Rahmat; Hidayat, Akik
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol 6, No 2 (2017): October 2017
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Binarization and segmentation process are two first important methods for optical character recognition system. For ancient document image which is written by human, binarization process remains a major challenge.In general, it is occurring because the image quality is badly degraded image and has various different noises in the non-text area.After binarization process, segmentation based on line is conducted in separate text-line from the others. We proposedanovel frameworkof binarization and segmentation process that enhance the performance of Niblackbinarization method and implementthe minimum of energy function to find the path of the separator line between two text-line.For experiments, we use the 22 images that come from the Sundanese ancient documents on Kropak 18 and Kropak22. The evaluation matrix show that our proposed binarization succeeded to improve F-measure 20%for Kropak 22 and 50% for Kropak 18 from original Niblack method.Then, we present the influence of various input images both true color and binary image to text-line segmentation. In line segmentation process, binarized image from our proposed framework can producethe number of line-text as same as the number of target lines. Overall, our proposed framework produce promised results so it can be used as input images for the next OCR process.

Age and Temperature of Globular-Open Star Clusters Case Study : M3 M35 and M67 Thassana, Chewa; Maithong, Wiraporn
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol 6, No 2 (2017): October 2017
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

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In this work, the age and the temperature of the globular cluster M3 and the open clusters M37 and M67 were observed by CCD Photometer via a 0.5-meter Rithchey-Chertien Reflecting Telescope at Regional Observatory for the Public Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand ; images were obtained of the cluster stars in B and V photometric filter. The magnitude of the cluster stars were analyzed by Iris and Aperture Photometry Tool (ATP) program. The age and temperature of M3, M35 and M67 clusters were calculated by the apparent magnitude and color index (B-V) of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram . Our results shown that the both open cluster M35 and M67 were found to lie at a distance of 2,700 light years (832pc) from the Earth. In addition, the M35 is approximately 110 million years old and the temperature in range of 7,000 -13,000K. Meanwhile M67 is roughly 3.11 billion years old, the temperature is about 4,400K to 6,400K. However, we determined that the globular cluster M3 is approximately 11.1 billion years old and located 34,000 light years (10,420pc) away from the Earth, while temperature is around 3,600 -6,800K.

Synthesis and Optimization of Chitosan Nanoparticles of Shrimp shell as Adsorbent of Pb2+ Ions Sulistyani Sulistyani; Hasanah H; Wijayanti T
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol 6, No 2 (2017): October 2017
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Synthesis and optimization of chitosan nanoparticles from shrimp shell as an adsorbent of Pb2+ ions has been done. Chitosan is obtained through several stages, namely deproteinase, demineralization and deacetylation. Deproteinase by using 2 N NaOH solution (a ratio of 1:6 w/v) while stirring at 90 °C for 1 hour. Demineralization by using 1 N HCl solution (a ratio of 1:12 w/v) while stirring at room temperature for 1 hour. Deacetylation by using 50% NaOH solution (a ratio of 1:10 w/v) at 120 °C for 3 hours. Chitosan nanoparticles are obtained by adding a solution of 1% CH3COOH and a few drops of NH3 concentrated at 90 °C to form a white gel is then washed to pH neutral and dried. Characterization of chitosan include analysis of degree of deacetylation by using FTIR and analysis of particle size by using Particle Size Analyzer (PSA). Chitosan nanoparticles was then applied as an adsorbent of lead. Optimization of chitosan as an adsorbent include contact time and pH. Concentration of lead is determined using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The results showed chitosan synthesis product has a size of ~600 nm, so that it can be expressed as nanoparticles with a degree of deacetylation of 62.69%. Chitosan nanoparticles as adsorbent optimum at pH 3 and a contact time of 2 hours with an adsorption capacity of 13,25 mg/g .

ANALISIS SISTEM ANTREAN DENGAN DISIPLIN PELAYANAN PREEMPTIVE Nur Indra Istiani; Nikenasih Binatari
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol 6, No 2 (2017): October 2017
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Disiplin pelayanan preemptive merupakan salah satu aturan dalam sistem antrean dimana server melayani customer berdasarkan urutan prioritasnya. Tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah menganalisis model sistem antrean dengan disiplin pelayanan preemptive, mendapatkan ukuran keefektifannya kemudian membandingkannya dengan disiplin pelayanan umum. Persamaan keseimbangan dalam penulisan ini diperoleh dengan mengasumsikan disiplin pelayanan Preemptive memiliki dua prioritas pelayanan dan proses antrian mengikuti Quasi Birth and Date Process. Selanjutnya, ukuran keefektifan diperoleh menggunakan metode probability generating function atas persamaan keseimbangan. ANALYSIS OF QUEUE SYSTEM WITH PREEMPTIVE SERVICE DISCIPLINEPreemptive service discipline is one of rules in the queue system where the server serves customers based on the order of priority. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the queueing model using Preemptive service discipline, to obtain its effective measurements and to compare it towards the general service discipline. The balance equation in this paper are obtained by assuming that Preemptive service discipline has two services priority and the queueing process follows Quasi Birth and Date Process. Next, using probability generating function (PGF) method, we obtain the measurement of effectiveness.

Analisis Seismisitas dan Energi Gempabumi diKawasan Jalur Sesar OpakOyo Yogyakarta Nugroho Budi Wibowo; Juwita N S
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol 6, No 2 (2017): October 2017
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Gempabumi yang terjadi di wilayah D.I Yogyakarta terjadi akibat aktifitas sesar yang terdapat dipermukaan, seperti Sesar Opak – Oyo, Sesar Dengkeng dan Sesar yang terdapat di Perbukitan Menoreh serta aktifitas lempeng tektonik yang terdapat di Selatan Pulau Jawa.Aktifitas sesar Opak Oyo dapat tercermin dari distribusi episenter dan energi gempabumi yang terjadi.Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis energi gempabumi yang memiliki episenter disekitar Sesar Opak Oyo secara spasial dan temporal.Berdasarkandata gempabumi tahun 2008 – 2016terdapat 66 event gempabumi dengan 11 event terasa.Distribusi episenter tergambar dalam peta seismisitas dan untuk parameter tektonik digunakan metode least square.Peta seismisitas kawasan Sesar Opak Oyo menunjukkan distribusi episenter lebih banyak di sebelah Timur dan Tenggara Jalur Sesar dengan nilai b hasil perhitungan metode least square yaitu 0.4.Secara temporal, terdapat trend peningkatan kejadian dari tahun 2008 hingga 2015 dan penurunan trend kejadian gempabumi dari tahun 2015 hingga 2017. Energi yang dihasilkan dari gempa pada kawasan Sesar Opak Oyo bervariasi dari 1x105.2 – 1x1012 Joule. Sedangkan, energi yang berasosiasi dengan keberadaan Jalur Sesar Opak memiliki nilaiberkisar antara 1x105.2 – 1x109.6 Joule dengan hiposenter 10 -20 Km.Pola sebaran energi memiliki pola yang hampir sama dengan formasi geologi dikawasan tersebut. THE ANALYSIS OF SEISMICITY AND EARTHQUAKE ENERGY IN OPAK-OYA FAULT AREA YOGYAKARTA Earthquake occurred in the Region of Yogyakarta were caused by fault activities on the surface, such as Opak-Oyo Fault, Dengkeng Fault and faults in the Menoreh Hills and plate tectonic activities in South of Java. Opak-Oyo Fault activity are reflected from epicenter distribution and earthquake energy. This research aimed to analyze the earthquake energy which has epicenter around the Opak-Oyo Fault in spatial and temporal. Based on earthquake catalogue from 2008 – 2016, there were 66 earthquakes with 11 significant events. Epicenter distribution was reflected in seismicity map and for the tectonic parameter least square method was used. Seismicity map of Opak-Oyo Fault area showed that distribution of epicenter in the Eastern and Southeastern of fault line with the calculation result of b value using least square method is 0.4. In temporal, there is an increasing trend of events in 2008-2015 and declining trend of earthquake in 2015-2017. Earthquake energy that released in Opak-Oyo Fault area has varying value about 1×105.2 – 1×1012 joules. Meanwhile, the energy that associated with the existence of Opak Fault Lines has value between 1×105.2 – 1×109.6 joule with hypocenter of 10-20 km. The energy distribution has similar pattern with geological formations in that area. Keyword : Opak-Oyo Fault, epicenter, seismicity, least square, energy.

Simulasi Aliran Fluida Yang Disertai Pertukaran Panas Menggunakan Metode Finite Volume Particle (FVP) Rida SN Mahmudah; Denny Darmawan; Koji Morita
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol 6, No 2 (2017): October 2017
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Pertukaran panas yang melibatkan perubahan fasa pada fluida mengalir merupakan fenomena penting dalam bidang sains dan rekayasa. Beberapa metode komputasi dinamika fluida telah dikembangkan untuk mensimulasikan fenomena ini, baik yang berbasis kisi maupun tanpa kisi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat simulasi aliran fluida yang disertai aliran panas dengan menggunakan metode Finite Volume Particle (FVP). Mula-mula, dibuat kode simulasi pertukaran panas yang disebabkan oleh konduksi pada rongga persegi dan memvalidasi hasilnya dengan solusi analitis konduksi panas 1D. Dari proses validasi ini, diketahui bahwa hasil simulasi dan solusi analitis menunjukkan kesesuaian yang sangat baik. Kode yang sudah divalidasi ini kemudian dikembangkan untuk mensimulasikan pertukaran panas yang disebabkan oleh aliran fluida (konveksi). Hasil dari simulasi konveksi ini dibandingkan secara kualitatif dengan referensi dan menunjukkan hasil yang memuaskan. Dengan demikian, pada penelitian ini telah dihasilkan kode simulasi pertukaran panas karena konduksi dan konveksi dengan metode FVP yang telah tervalidasi dengan baik. FLUID FLOWS SIMULATION WITH HEAT TRANSFER USING FINITE VOLUME PARTICLE (FVP) METHODHeat transfer involving phase change on flowing fluids is an important phenomena in science and engineering. Several methods on computational fluid dynamics has been developed to simulate this phenomena, either with mesh and/or meshless-based methods. This research is aimed to build a simulation code to simulate fluid flows with heat transfer using Finite Volume Particle (FVP) method. First, a simulation code simulating heat transfer due to conduction in a square cavity was built, and the results were validated with analytical solution of 1D heat conduction. This validation results showed a reasonably good agreement between simulation result and analytical solution. This validated code then was improved to simulate heat transfer due to fluid flows (convection). Results from this convection simulation was compared qualitatively with reference and showed good agreement. Therefor, this research has resulted in simulation code of heat transfer due to conduction and convection with FVP method and has been fairly validated.Key words: fluid flow simulation, heat transfer, finite volume particle method

Karakterisasi Subgrup Sylow Solvable Dari Grup Poin Senyawa Fosfor Pentaklorida Ema Carnia Carnia; Sisilia Sylviani; Elah Dewia
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol 6, No 2 (2017): October 2017
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Setiap molekul atau senyawa kimia memiliki operasi simetri yang mendeskripsikan keseluruhan karakter dari molekul tersebut. Himpunan dari semua operasi simetri yang berlaku pada suatu senyawa akan membentuk suatu grup. Semua operasi simetri yang berlaku pada senyawa Fosfor pentaklorida membentuk grup poin. Pada paper ini dibahas karakterisasi dari grup poin senyawa Fosfor pentaklorida dilihat dari sudut pandang teori grup. Salah satu hasil yang diperoleh adalah bahwa setiap subgrup Sylow dari senyawa Fosfor pentaklorida merupakan grup solvable.Kata kunci: simetri, grup poin, teori grup, p-subgrup Sylow, solvableCHARACTERIZATION OF SOLVABLE SYLOW SUBGROUP OF POINT GROUP PHOSPHORUS PENTACHLORIDE COMPOUNDPhosphorus pentachloride is a gaseous chemical compound. One of the uses of this compound is a substance that can accelerate the rate of chemical reactions. Phosphorus pentachloride compounds has a molecular geometry shape trigonal bipyramid with a total of 12 symmetry operations. The set of all symmetry operations completed with the operation of the function composition will form a group called the D_3h point group. In this paper discuss the characterization the points group of Phosphorus pentachloride compound from the perspective of group theory. Beginning with point group proofing, then determine all Sylow p-subgroup and normal subgroups of this group.The results obtained were the properties that Sylow 2-subgroup and Sylow 3-subgroup of Phosphorus pentachloride compounds and slices between Sylow subgroups and normal subgroup is solvable groups. Keywords: Phosphorus pentachloride, point group, group theory, Sylow p-subgroup, solvable

Prediction of Tourist Arrivals to the Island of Bali with Holt Method of Winter and Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) Agus Supriatna; Elis Hertini; Dwi Susanti; Sudradjat Supian
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol 6, No 2 (2017): October 2017
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

The tourism sector is one of the contributors of foreign exchange is quite influential in improving the economy of Indonesia. The development of this sector will have a positive impact, including employment opportunities and opportunities for entrepreneurship in various industries such as adventure tourism, craft or hospitality. The beauty and natural resources owned by Indonesia become a tourist attraction for domestic and foreign tourists. One of the many tourist destination is the island of Bali. The island of Bali is not only famous for its natural, cultural diversity and arts but there are also add the value of tourism. In 2015 the increase in the number of tourist arrivals amounted to 6.24% from the previous year. In improving the quality of services, facing a surge of visitors, or prepare a strategy in attracting tourists need a prediction of arrival so that planning can be more efficient and effective. This research used Holt Winter's method and Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) method to predict tourist arrivals. Based on data of foreign tourist arrivals who visited the Bali island in January 2007 until June 2016, the result of Holt Winter's method with parameter values α=0.1 ,β=0.1 ,γ=0.3 has an error MAPE is 6,171873. While the result of SARIMA method with (0,1,1)〖(1,0,0)〗12 model has an error MAPE is 5,788615 and it can be concluded that SARIMA method is better.Keywords: Foreign Tourist, Prediction, Bali Island, Holt-Winter’s, SARIMA.

SINTESIS ANALOG KURKUMIN MONOKETON BERBAHAN DASAR SINAMALDEHIDA DAN UJI AKTIVITASNYA SEBAGAI INHIBITOR ENZIM α-GLUKOSIDASE Yunia Mardianis; Chairil Anwar; Winarto Haryadi
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol 6, No 2 (2017): October 2017
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Telah dilakukan sintesis analog kurkumin monoketon sebagai senyawa target yang berbahan dasar sinamaldehida dan uji aktivitasnya sebagai inhibitor enzim α-glukosidase. Tahap sintesis melibatkan reaksi kondensasi aldol silang Claisen-Schmidt dengan variasi keton sehingga dihasilkan senyawa analog kurkumin monoketon. Pengujian aktivitas antidiabetes senyawa analog kurkumin dilakukan melalui inhibisi enzim α-glukosidase yang diisolasi dari beras lapuk (Oryza sativa). Tahapan awal penelitian ini yaitu analog kurkumin (2E,5E)-2,5-bis((E)-3-fenilalilidin) siklopentanon disintesis dengan mereaksikan sinamaldehid dan monoketon siklopentanon dalam pelarut etanol. Sintesis tersebut dilakukan dalam kondisi basa KOH dengan pengadukan pada suhu 52 °C selama 50 menit. Senyawa hasil sintesis dianalisis strukturnya menggunakan FTIR, direct inlet-MS, 1H- dan 13C-NMR. Tahap selanjutnya analog kurkumin hasil sintesis diuji aktivitasnya sebagai inhibitor enzim α-glukosidase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa analog kurkumin monoketon hasil sintesis diperoleh rendemen sebesar 72,15%. Hasil berupa padatan berwana kuning dengan titik leleh sebesar 196,20–200,10 °C. Hasil uji inhibisi terhadap enzim α-glukosidase mengindikasi bahwa analog kurkumin memiliki aktivitas antidiabetik dan cukup berpotensi untuk menginhibisi enzim α-glukosidase dengan persentase inhibisi sebesar 70,71%. THE SYNTHESIS OF CURCUMINE ANALOGUE MONOCETONE FROM CINAMALDEHYDE AND ITS ACTIVITY TEST AS α-GLUCOCYDE ENZYME INHIBITORThe synthesis of curcumin analog monoketone as target compounds from cinnamaldehyde and inhibition assay against α-glucosidase enzyme had been performed. The stepwise of synthesis was performed by aldol condensation Claisen-Schmidt reaction and used ketone to give curcumin analog monoketone. The antidiabetic activity of curcumin analog was carried out by inhibition test against α-glucosidase enzyme isolated from rotten (Oryza sativa). The first step of synthesis (2E,5E)-2,5-bis((E)-3-phenylallylidene) cyclopentanone was started by reacting cinnamaldehyde and cyclopentanone as monoketone in etanol as solvent. The synthesis was carried out in base condition (KOH) by stirring at 52 °C for 50 minutes. The structures of product was identified by using FTIR, direct inlet-MS, 1H- and 13C-NMR. Futhermore, the activity of curcumin analog was tested against with α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition. The results show that the curcumin analog was yielded in 72.15% as yellow solid. The melting point of curcumin analog was at 196.20–200.10 °C. The inhibition against α-glucosidase enzyme indicated that the curcumin analog was potential to inhibit α-glucosidase enzyme with the highest activity by giving inhibtion percentage of about 70.71% at 2.5 mM.

Rancang Bangun Alat Ukur Kelajuan Udara Tipe Thermal Terintegrasi Termometer Udara Berbasis Sensor LM35 dan PT100 Laila Katriani; Subroto Subroto; Asri Setyaningrum; Widi Sulistia N
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol 6, No 2 (2017): October 2017
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang bangun alat ukur kelajuan udara tipe thermal yang terintegrasi termometer udara menggunakan sensor LM35 dan PT100. Penelitian dimulai pada bulan Mei s/d Oktober 2016. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Elektronika dan Instrumentasi Jurusan Pendidikan Fisika Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. Rancang bangun alat ukur kelajuan udara ini terdiri dari dua tahapan yaitu, perancangan perangkat keras (hardware) dan perancangan perangkat lunak (software). Perancangan perangkat keras terdiri dari perancangan sensor (LM35 dan PT100), perancangan IC LM317, perancangan pengolah data dan display. Perancangan perangkat lunak menggunakan bahasa C. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian yang telah dilakukan didapatkan bahwa keluaran sensor LM35, yaitu tegangan sebanding dengan perubahan temperatur, yang memiliki sensitifitas sebesar 0,009 volt/ºC dan tegangan keluaran awal dari sensor pada saat temperatur 0 ºC sebesar 0,041 volt. Keluaran sensor PT100, yaitu resistansi sebanding dengan perubahan temperatur yang memiliki sensitifitas sebesar 0,391 Ω/oC dan resistansi keluaran awal dari sensor pada saat 28 oC sebesar 100,8 Ω. Persen error dari pengujian alat ukur kelajuan udara tipe thermal sebesar 4%. DEVELOPMENT OF THERMAL TYPE ANEMOMETERINTEGRATED WITH AIR THERMOMETER USING LM35 SENSOR AND PT100 SENSORThis research aimed to design a thermal type anemometer integrated with air thermometer using Lm35 sensor and PT100 sensor. The study began in Mei until Oktober 2016. The study was conducted at the Laboratory of Electronics and Instrumentation, Department of Physics Education, State University of Yogyakarta. The design of the thermal type anemometer consists of two stages, namely, the design of the hardware and software design. Hardware design consists of a sensor system design (LM35 and PT100), LM317 design, system design for data processing and display. Software design using C language. Based on the results of tests that had been done, shows that the sensor output LM35, whic is voltage is proportional to temperature changes, which had a sensitivity of 0.009 volts / ºC and initial output voltage of the sensor when the temperature reach 0 °C is 0,041 volts. PT100 sensor output, which is resistance is proportional to temperature changes, which had sensitivity of 0.391 Ω/oC and initial output resistance of the sensor when temperature reach 28 °C is 100,8 Ω. Error percent of thermal-type air speed measuring instrument testing is 4%.

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